Preparation and characterization of highly selective palladium catalysts supported on various carbon nanostructures for aerobic ethanol oxidation to acetic acid
Castro Contreras, Rubén
Preparation and characterization of highly selective palladium catalysts supported on various carbon nanostructures for aerobic ethanol oxidation to acetic acid [recurso electrónico] / Rubén Castro Contreras ; director, Mario Alberto Curiel Álvarez - Mexicali, Baja California, 2018 - 1 recurso en línea, 302 p. ; il. col.
Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias e Ingeniería.
Tesis (Doctorado) --Universidad Autónoma de Baja California. Instituto de Ingeniería, Mexicali, 2018.
Incluye referencias bibliográficas.
Modern industrial chemistry is based on catalytic processes. Approximately 80 % of
all catalytic processes require heterogeneous catalysts. Zero emission plants, green
chemistry, and sustainable development have become a major driving force in
technological innovation. Green chemistry prevents pollution through better process design
than by managing emissions and wastes. Catalysis is one of the fundamental pillars of
green chemistry, the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the
use and generation of hazardous substances. The design and application of new catalysts
and catalytic systems are simultaneously achieving the dual goals of environmental
protection and economic benefit. Among the most important chemicals currently used,
acetic acid is one of them. Acetic acid is produced both synthetically and by bacterial
fermentation. The biological route accounts for only about 10 % of world production, about
75 % accounts by methanol carbonylation, and alternative methods account for the rest.
Acetic acid is widely used as solvent in many industrial processes, manufacture of daily
products, film industry, food additive, and testing blood in clinical laboratories. Thus, the
acetic acid becomes a significant product for chemical, food, textile, cosmetic,
agrochemical, and film industries due to its excellent physicochemical properties.
Oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes, ketones or carboxylic acids is widely employed in
heterogeneous catalysis. Among the most important alcohols for chemical industry, ethanol
is one of them. An important application of ethanol is as reactant into oxidation reaction to
acetic acid.
ix
Nowadays, silica, carbon, clay, zeolites, metal oxides, and other mesoporous
materials are being used as inorganic solid supports. But, the quest of new materials as
catalyst supports continues being an important topic for catalytic community. Carbon is
currently used as catalyst support due to its unique physicochemical properties such as
porosity, high surface area, acidic and basic media resistance, electrical conductivity,
thermal resistance, and inertness. Carbon has also become a promising material in catalysis
compared to the catalyst supports already used. Many carbon materials frequently used as
catalyst supports due to their physicochemical properties and catalytic performances are
activated carbon, carbon black, and graphite, which are suitable carbon materials to prepare
supported metal catalysts for catalyzed chemical reactions. Activated carbon, carbon black,
and graphite are not only the carbon materials used as catalyst supports, but also different
carbon nanostructures which are synthesized by chemical methods. These carbon
nanostructures such as graphene (G), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT), carbon
nanofibers (CNF), and fibrous carbon (FC) have unique physicochemical properties. It is
well known that the incorporation of functional groups, heteroatoms, or thermal treatment
improves the surface chemistry of such support. The use of palladium-group metals as
active phase on carbon supports has showed high activity and selectivity towards the main
product for oxidation reactions. Therefore, we propose to prepare highly selective
palladium catalysts supported on carbon nanostructures for aerobic ethanol oxidation to
acetic acid. Besides, the synthesis of carbon nanostructures, the preparation method of
palladium catalysts, and the results of aerobic ethanol oxidation are presented.
Ácido acético --Tesis y disertaciones académicas.
TP248.A18 / C38 2018
Preparation and characterization of highly selective palladium catalysts supported on various carbon nanostructures for aerobic ethanol oxidation to acetic acid [recurso electrónico] / Rubén Castro Contreras ; director, Mario Alberto Curiel Álvarez - Mexicali, Baja California, 2018 - 1 recurso en línea, 302 p. ; il. col.
Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias e Ingeniería.
Tesis (Doctorado) --Universidad Autónoma de Baja California. Instituto de Ingeniería, Mexicali, 2018.
Incluye referencias bibliográficas.
Modern industrial chemistry is based on catalytic processes. Approximately 80 % of
all catalytic processes require heterogeneous catalysts. Zero emission plants, green
chemistry, and sustainable development have become a major driving force in
technological innovation. Green chemistry prevents pollution through better process design
than by managing emissions and wastes. Catalysis is one of the fundamental pillars of
green chemistry, the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the
use and generation of hazardous substances. The design and application of new catalysts
and catalytic systems are simultaneously achieving the dual goals of environmental
protection and economic benefit. Among the most important chemicals currently used,
acetic acid is one of them. Acetic acid is produced both synthetically and by bacterial
fermentation. The biological route accounts for only about 10 % of world production, about
75 % accounts by methanol carbonylation, and alternative methods account for the rest.
Acetic acid is widely used as solvent in many industrial processes, manufacture of daily
products, film industry, food additive, and testing blood in clinical laboratories. Thus, the
acetic acid becomes a significant product for chemical, food, textile, cosmetic,
agrochemical, and film industries due to its excellent physicochemical properties.
Oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes, ketones or carboxylic acids is widely employed in
heterogeneous catalysis. Among the most important alcohols for chemical industry, ethanol
is one of them. An important application of ethanol is as reactant into oxidation reaction to
acetic acid.
ix
Nowadays, silica, carbon, clay, zeolites, metal oxides, and other mesoporous
materials are being used as inorganic solid supports. But, the quest of new materials as
catalyst supports continues being an important topic for catalytic community. Carbon is
currently used as catalyst support due to its unique physicochemical properties such as
porosity, high surface area, acidic and basic media resistance, electrical conductivity,
thermal resistance, and inertness. Carbon has also become a promising material in catalysis
compared to the catalyst supports already used. Many carbon materials frequently used as
catalyst supports due to their physicochemical properties and catalytic performances are
activated carbon, carbon black, and graphite, which are suitable carbon materials to prepare
supported metal catalysts for catalyzed chemical reactions. Activated carbon, carbon black,
and graphite are not only the carbon materials used as catalyst supports, but also different
carbon nanostructures which are synthesized by chemical methods. These carbon
nanostructures such as graphene (G), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT), carbon
nanofibers (CNF), and fibrous carbon (FC) have unique physicochemical properties. It is
well known that the incorporation of functional groups, heteroatoms, or thermal treatment
improves the surface chemistry of such support. The use of palladium-group metals as
active phase on carbon supports has showed high activity and selectivity towards the main
product for oxidation reactions. Therefore, we propose to prepare highly selective
palladium catalysts supported on carbon nanostructures for aerobic ethanol oxidation to
acetic acid. Besides, the synthesis of carbon nanostructures, the preparation method of
palladium catalysts, and the results of aerobic ethanol oxidation are presented.
Ácido acético --Tesis y disertaciones académicas.
TP248.A18 / C38 2018
