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| 008 | 130826t20142014mau o 000 0 eng d | ||
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| 019 | _a859158568 | ||
| 020 | _a9780123914286 (electronic bk.) | ||
| 020 | _a0123914280 (electronic bk.) | ||
| 020 | _z9780124159907 | ||
| 020 | _z0124159907 | ||
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_aGC239.2 _b.J67 2013eb |
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_a551.46/20287 _223 |
| 096 | _aOnline Book | ||
| 049 | _aTEFA | ||
| 100 | 1 |
_aJoseph, Antony, _eauthor. |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 |
_aMeasuring ocean currents _h[recurso electrónico] : _btools, technologies, and data / _cDr. Antony Joseph. |
| 250 | _aFirst edition. | ||
| 264 | 1 |
_aWaltham, Mass. : _bElsevier, _c2014. |
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| 264 | 4 | _c2014 | |
| 300 | _a1 online resource (xx, 426 pages) | ||
| 336 |
_atext _2rdacontent |
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| 337 |
_acomputer _2rdamedia |
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| 338 |
_aonline resource _2rdacarrier |
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| 588 | _aDescription based on print version record. | ||
| 520 | _aMeasuring Ocean Currents: Tools, Technologies, and Data covers all major aspects of ocean current measurements in view of the implications of ocean currents on changing climate, increasing pollution levels, and offshore engineering activities. Although more than 70% of the Earth is covered by ocean, there is limited information on the countless fine- to large-scale water motions taking place within them. This book fills that information gap as the first work that summarizes the state-of-the-art methods and instruments used for surface, subsurface, and abyssal ocean current measurements. Readers of this book will find a wealth of information on Lagrangian measurements, horizontal mapping, imaging, Eulerian measurements, and vertical profiling techniques. In addition, the book describes modern technologies for remote measurement of ocean currents and their signatures, including HF Doppler radar systems, satellite-borne sensors, ocean acoustic tomography, and more. Crucial aspects of ocean currents are described in detail as well, including dispersion of effluents discharged into the sea and transport of beneficial materials-as well as environmentally hazardous materials-from one region to another. The book highlights several important practical applications, showing how measurements relate to climate change and pollution levels, how they affect coastal and offshore engineering activities, and how they can aid in tsunami detection. Coverage of measurement, mapping and profiling techniquesDescriptions of technologies for remote measurement of ocean currents and their signaturesReviews crucial aspects of ocean currents, including special emphasis on the planet-spanning thermohaline circulation, known as the ocean's "conveyor belt," and its crucial role in climate change. | ||
| 504 | _aIncludes bibliographical references and index. | ||
| 505 | 0 | _aMachine generated contents note: 1.Oceanic Currents and Their Implications -- 1.1.Oceans' Thermohaline Conveyor Belt Circulation and Global Climate Change -- 1.2.Meandering Currents, Eddies, Rings, and Hydrographic Fronts -- 1.2.1.Meandering Currents -- 1.2.2.Eddies -- 1.2.3.Rings -- 1.2.4.Hydrographic Fronts -- 1.3.Influence of Eddies and Fronts on Fishery and Weather -- 1.4.Major Current Systems in the World Oceans -- 1.4.1.Antarctic Circumpolar Current -- 1.4.2.Western Boundary Currents in the Atlantic Ocean -- 1.4.3.Western Boundary Current in the Pacific Ocean: The Kuroshio Current -- 1.4.4.Western Boundary Currents in the Indian Ocean -- 1.4.5.Equatorial Undercurrents -- 1.5.Currents of Different Origins -- 1.5.1.Wind-Driven Current -- 1.5.2.Inertia Current -- 1.5.3.Tidal Currents in Open Seas, Estuaries, and Ridge Valleys -- 1.5.4.Rip Currents -- 1.6.Implications of Ocean Currents -- References -- 2.The History of Measuring Ocean Currents -- 2.1.Surface Current Measurements -- 2.1.1.Measurements Based on Motion of Drifting Surface Bodies -- 2.1.2.Imaging of Surface Water Motion Trajectories and Patterns -- 2.1.3.Vector Mapping Based on Current-Driven Sea Surface Wave Transport -- 2.2.Subsurface and Abyssal Current Measurements -- 2.2.1.Early Mariners' Contributions -- 2.2.2.Spatially Integrated Measurements Based on Earth's Magnetism and Oceanic Sound Speed -- 2.2.3.Measurements Based on Motion of Drifting Subsurface Floats -- 2.2.4.Measurements from Fixed Locations at Predetermined Depths -- 2.3.Seafloor Boundary Layer Current Measurements -- 2.3.1.Mechanical Devices -- 2.3.2.Nonmechanical Devices -- 2.4.Vertical Profiling of Horizontal Currents -- References -- Bibliography -- 3.Lagrangian-Style Surface Current Measurements Through Tracking of Surface Drifters -- 3.1.Radio Buoys -- 3.1.1.Drifter-Following Radar Transponder -- 3.1.2.Drifter-Borne Doppler Transponder -- 3.1.3.Radio Buoys Tracked by Polar-Orbiting Satellites -- 3.1.4.GPS-Tracked Drifters -- 3.1.5.Telephonically Tracked Drifters -- 3.2.Limitations of Surface Drifters -- References -- Bibliography -- 4.Remote Mapping of Sea Surface Currents Using HF Doppler Radar Networks -- 4.1.Crombie's Discovery -- 4.2.Peculiarities of Pulse Doppler-Radar Echo Spectra -- 4.3.Estimation of Sea Surface Current Using the Bragg Resonance Principle -- 4.4.Depth Extent of Doppler Radar-Based Sea Surface Current Measurements -- 4.5.Technological Aspects of Doppler Radar-Based Surface Current Mapping -- 4.6.Experimental Developments -- 4.7.Instrumentation Aspects -- 4.8.Radial and Total Vector Currents -- 4.9.Developments on Operational Scales -- 4.9.1.CODAR -- 4.9.2.OSCR -- 4.9.3.SeaSonde -- 4.9.4.WERA -- 4.9.5.Systems for Special Applications -- 4.10.Intercomparison Considerations -- 4.11.Advantages of Radio-Wave Doppler Radar Measurements -- 4.12.Round-the-Clock Coast- and Shelf-Observing Role of Doppler Radar -- 4.13.Detection and Monitoring of Tsunami-Induced Sea Surface-Current Jets at Continental Shelves -- References -- Bibliography -- 5.Imaging of Seawater Motion Signatures Using Remote Sensors -- 5.1.Aerial Photography in the Visible and Infrared Bands -- 5.2.Remote Detection by Radiometers -- 5.2.1.Passive Radiometry in the Visible-Wavelength Band -- 5.2.2.Active Radiometry in the Visible-Wavelength Band -- 5.2.3.Passive Radiometry in the Thermal Infrared Band -- 5.2.4.Microwave Radiometers -- 5.3.Active Microwave Radar Imaging of Sea Surface Current Signatures -- 5.4.Active Microwave Radar Imaging Technologies -- 5.4.1.Active Microwave Imaging by the RAR Systems -- 5.4.2.Active Microwave Imaging by SAR Systems -- 5.5.Advances in the Development of SAR Technology -- 5.5.1.Interpretation of Image Data -- 5.6.Detection of Seawater Circulation Features Using RAR and SAR -- 5.7.Measurement of Sea Surface Currents Using Imaging of Ice Floes -- References -- Bibliography -- 6.Lagrangian-Style Subsurface Current Measurements Through Tracking of Subsurface Drifters -- 6.1.Surface-Trackable Subsurface Drifters -- 6.2.Satellite-Recovered Pop-Up Drifters -- 6.3.Swallow Floats Tracked by Ship-Borne Hydrophones -- 6.4.Subsurface Floats Transmitting to Moored Acoustic Receivers -- 6.5.Subsurface Floats Listening to Moored Acoustic Sources -- 6.6.ALACE: Horizontally Displaced and Vertically Cycling Subsurface Float -- 6.7.Drifting Profiling Floats (Argo Floats) -- 6.7.1.Profiling Observations from Polar Regions -- References -- Bibliography -- 7.Horizontally Integrated Remote Measurements of Ocean Currents Using Acoustic Tomography Techniques -- 7.1.One-Way Tomography -- 7.2.Two-Way Tomography (Reciprocal Tomography) -- 7.3.Acoustic Tomographic Measurements from Straits -- 7.4.Coastal Acoustic Tomography -- 7.5.River Acoustic Tomography -- 7.6.Acoustic Tomographic Measurements of Vorticity -- 7.7.Horizontally Integrated Current Measurements Using Space-Time Acoustic Scintillation Analysis Technique -- References -- Bibliography -- 8.Eulerian-Style Measurements Incorporating Mechanical Sensors -- 8.1.Eulerian-Style Measurements -- 8.2.Savonius Rotor Current Meters -- 8.3.Savonius Rotor and Miniature Vane Vector-Averaging Current Meters -- 8.4.Propeller Rotor Current Meter (Plessey Current Meter) -- 8.5.Biaxial Dual Orthogonal Propeller Vector-Measuring Current Meters -- 8.6.Calibration of Current Meters -- 8.7.Graphical Methods of Displaying Ocean Current Measurements -- 8.8.Advantages and Limitations of Mechanical Sensors -- References -- Bibliography -- 9.Eulerian-Style Measurements Incorporating Nonmechanical Sensors -- 9.1.Electromagnetic Sensors -- 9.1.1.Electromagnetic Current Meters -- 9.2.Acoustic Travel-Time Difference and Phase Difference Sensors -- 9.3.Acoustic Doppler Current Meter -- References -- Bibliography -- 10.Vertical Profiling of Horizontal Currents Using Freely Sinking and Rising Probes -- 10.1.Importance of Vertical Profile Measurements of Ocean Currents -- 10.2.Technologies Used for Vertical Profile Measurement of Ocean Currents -- 10.2.1.Freely Sinking and Wire-Guided Relative Velocity Probes -- 10.2.2.Bottom-Mounted, Winch-Controlled Vertical Automatic Profiling Systems -- 10.2.3.Acoustically Tracked Freely Sinking Pingers -- 10.2.4.A Freely Sinking and Rising Relative Velocity Probe (Cyclesonde) -- 10.2.5.A Freely Falling Electromagnetic Velocity Profiler -- 10.2.6.Free-Falling, Acoustically Tracked Absolute Velocity Profiler (Pegasus) -- 10.2.7.Freely Falling, Acoustically Self-Positioning Dropsonde (White Horse) -- 10.2.8.Freely Rising Acoustically Tracked Expendable Probes (Popup) -- 10.3.Technologies Used for Vertical Profile Measurements of Oceanic Current Shear and Fine Structure -- 10.3.1.Free-Fall Shear Profiler (Yvette) -- 10.3.2.Acoustically Tracked Free-Fall Current Velocity and CTD Profiler (TOPS) -- 10.4.Technologies Used for Vertical Profile Measurements of Oceanic Current Shear and Microstructure -- 10.4.1.Towed Acoustic Transducer -- 10.4.2.Free-Fall Probe (PROTAS) -- 10.4.3.Free-Falling Lift-Force Sensitive Probes -- 10.5.Merits and Limitations of Freely Sinking/Rising Unguided Probes -- References -- Bibliography -- 11.Vertical Profiling of Currents Using Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers -- 11.1.Basic Assumptions and Operational Issues -- 11.2.Principle of Operation -- 11.3.Profiling Geometries -- 11.3.1.Bottom-Mounted, Upward-Facing ADPs -- 11.4.Trawl-Resistant ADP Bottom Mounts -- 11.5.Horizontal-Facing ADPs -- 11.6.Subsurface Moored ADPs -- 11.7.Downward-Facing Shipboard ADPs -- 11.8.Towed ADPs -- 11.9.Lowered ADCP (L-ADCP) -- 11.10.ADPs for Current Profiling and AUV Navigation -- 11.10.1.AUV-Mounted ADPs for Current Profiling -- 11.10.2.ADPs for AUV Navigation -- 11.11.Calibration of ADPs -- 11.12.Intercomparison and Evaluation -- 11.13.Merits and Limitations of ADPs -- References -- Bibliography -- 12.Remote Measurements of Ocean Currents Using Satellite-Borne Altimeters -- 12.1.Oceanic Currents and Associated Features Generated by Sea Surface Slope -- 12.2.Determination of Seawater Motion from Sea Surface Slope Measurements -- 12.3.Technological Intricacies in Realizing Satellite Altimetric Measurements -- 12.4.Correction of Errors in Satellite Altimeter Data -- 12.4.1.Correction of Satellite Orbit Errors -- 12.4.2.Correction of Geoid Errors -- 12.4.3.Null Methods for Obtaining Topographic Height Variability Independent of Geoid -- 12.5.Evolution of Satellite Altimetry -- References -- Bibliography -- 13.Conclusions -- 13.1.Progress in Ocean Current Measurement Technologies -- 13.2.Moored Current Meters and Their Limitations -- 13.3.Lagrangian Measurements of Surface Currents -- 13.4.Global Observation of Sea Surface Currents and Their Signatures through Imagery -- 13.5.Real-Time Two-Dimensional Mapping of Sea Surface Current Vectors -- 13.6.Global Observation of Surface Geostrophic Currents and Mesoscale Circulation Features -- 13.7.Current Profile Measurements Using Freely-Moving Sensor Packages and ADPs -- 13.8.Evolution of Acoustic Tomography: Monitoring Water Flow Structure from Open Ocean, Coastal Waters, and Rivers -- 13.9.Lagrangian Measurements of Subsurface Currents -- 13.10.Comprehensive Study of Oceanic Circulation -- References. | |
| 650 | 1 | 2 | _aOceans and Seas |
| 650 | 1 | 2 | _aOceanography. |
| 650 | 1 | 2 | _aWater Movements. |
| 650 | 0 | _aOcean currents. | |
| 650 | 0 |
_aOcean currents _xMeasurement. |
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| 650 | 7 |
_aSCIENCE / Earth Sciences / Geography _2bisacsh |
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| 650 | 7 |
_aSCIENCE / Earth Sciences / Geology _2bisacsh |
|
| 650 | 7 |
_aOcean currents. _2fast _0(OCoLC)fst01043489 |
|
| 650 | 7 |
_aOcean currents _xMeasurement. _2fast _0(OCoLC)fst01043496 |
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| 655 | 4 | _aElectronic books. | |
| 655 | 7 |
_aElectronic books. _2local |
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| 776 | 0 | 8 |
_iPrint version: _aJoseph, Antony. _tMeasuring ocean currents. _bFirst edition. _dWaltham, MA : Elsevier, 2014 _z9780124159907 _w(DLC) 2013011297 _w(OCoLC)841187531 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 |
_zLibro electrónico _3ScienceDirect _uhttp://148.231.10.114:2048/login?url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780124159907 |
| 596 | _a19 | ||
| 942 | _cLIBRO_ELEC | ||
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_c207155 _d207155 |
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